Is Dyslexia a Vision Problem?
It's one of the most common questions parents ask, and an understandable one. When reading is hard, the eyes seem like an obvious place to look.
The short answer
No. Dyslexia is a language-based learning difference, and vision problems are not its cause. A 2009 joint statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics and several eye-care organizations says so directly. The same statement also notes that vision problems can interfere with learning, and that treatable eye conditions should be addressed.
Why both can be true for your child
- A vision problem can look like a reading problem. Trouble with eye teaming, focusing, or tracking can make reading tiring, slow, or uncomfortable.
- The two can coexist. A child can have dyslexia and a vision problem.
- Each needs its own evaluation. A functional vision exam can find a vision problem. An educational/psychological evaluation can identify dyslexia.
What treatment does what
If a vision problem is found, vision therapy treats the vision problem itself, not dyslexia. Dyslexia is best helped by evidence-based reading instruction. The joint statement also says the evidence does not support vision therapy for improving long-term educational performance in learning disabilities.
Read more: Vision problem vs. dyslexia: how they differ.
Source: Joint Statement: Learning Disabilities, Dyslexia, and Vision. Pediatrics. 2009;124(2):837-844.
Wondering if it's a vision problem?
Take the free checklist, then talk with a developmental optometrist.
